![]() Peter Cooper Hewitt develops the fluorescent lampġ901: valves introduced and adverts published. Richardson produces an equation for the emission of electrons from incandescent metal filaments Gugliemo Marconi transmits signal from England to North America, and in Marconi's own words. W C Roentgen wins Nobel prize for Physics for discovery of x-rays John Ambrose Fleming becomes scientific adviser to Marconi's company James Dewar builds a cryosorption pump using activated charcoal and liquid air This later became the Metropolitan-Vickers Co. The British Westinghouse Electrical and Manufacturing Co. Sir Oliver Lodge was granted a patent for a loudspeaker on April 27 Guglielmo Marconi sets-up in July 1897 the Wireless Telegraph and Signal Company Limited to commercially exploit his patents Sir Joseph Thomson discovers 'corpuscles' later called electrons Mallgnani Corp demonstrates the use of phosphorus gettering George J Stoney suggests the name of electron for cathode ray particles Jonathan Zenneck improves Braun's CRT and adds time base deflection Sir William Crookes performs the Maltese Cross experiment So called because they were emitted through a hole in the cathode. Sir William Preece duplicates Edison's experiment, makes quantitative measurements and presents a paper to The Royal SocietyĮugen Goldstein observes 'canal' rays (German = Kanalstrahlen). In October 1883 the amalgamation of Edison Electric Light Co Ltd and Swan Electric Lighting Co to form Edison and Swan United Electric Light Co. John Ambrose Fleming presents a paper on the 'molecular shadow' to the Physical Society of London on May 26 Thomas A Edison first observes thermionic emission in a vacuum This was to become Standard Telephones and Cables (STC) In May 1883 the American company Western Electric opened a small business in London. Sir William Crookes develops the Crookes Tube, an early form of cathode ray tubeĮdison improves the self-recycling Sprengel-Geissler mercury vacuum pumpĪpparatus for evacuating Edison's electric lamps. ![]() Thomas A Edison files US patent on high vacuum carbon filament incandescent lamp In Germany on December 14th Ernst Siemens patented the first loudspeaker. L von Babo develops a self-recycling Sprengel vacuum pumpĪlexander Graham Bell invents and demonstrates the telephone Sir William Crookes demonstrates pumping by chemical getters G R Carey invents the photo-electric cell Sir William Crookes advances the idea that cathode rays are negatively charged particles Sir William Crookes vacuum pumping systemĬ F Varley suggests that cathode rays are particles Hermann Sprengel develops the mercury drop pump Geissler-Topler mercury vacuum pump developed Joseph Swann patents the the carbon filament incandescent lamp that operates in a partial vacuum Julius Plucker demonstrated that magnetic fields bend what later became known as cathode rays. Karl Kronig suggests that gas molecules in equilibrium travel in straight lines unless they collide with something Johann Geissler produces a mercury vacuum pump and with it he produces the first good vacuum discharge tubes Jacob Hermann suggests that gas pressure is proportional to density and to the square of the average velocity of the gas particles in motionĪ principle stated in 1811 by the Italian chemist Amedeo Avogadro (1776-1856) that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules regardless of their chemical nature and physical properties Improved air pump and treatise on vacuum experiments published. Magdeberg Hemispheres a demonstration of the force of air pressure ![]() The barometer first demonstrated by Evangelista Torricelli Early History Fleming Diode WWI WWII Post War
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